 Ibstock Hathernware Limited began life in
1874 as The Hathern Station Brick Company. This was a time when terra cotta was
establishing itself as a durable and economic alternative to natural stone for the
Victorian architect's to express their elaborate designs. By the late 1800's much of the
inner city development in the U.K. utilised terra cotta as the prime building material. In
addition to its architectural advantages it very soon proved itself to be resistant to
attack from the sulphur laden and sooty atmospheres of the day. Whilst many stone
buildings were rapidly deteriorating under the blackened grime terra cotta proved itself
to be resistant to these aggressive conditions. In these
busy times for terra cotta manufacturers the use of 'Hathernware' spread throughout
England and as far afield as Melbourne, Australia. Theatres, banks, offices, power
stations, shops etc. all were manufactured in the factory based in the Midlands of
England.
The early 1900's saw the proliferation of glazed terra cotta. As
terra cotta took the place of sandstone and limestone's, its glazed equivalent proved to
be the ideal substitute for the polished stones, granite, marble, etc. Its ease of shaping
in moulds however gave it a very clear advantage when it came to ornamentation.
'Hathernware Faience' was introduced during this period. Ivory white crystalline glazes
were used to mimic marble. Complex multi-coloured glazes were developed to match granite.
Not only was Faience able to withstand the acid laden inner city air it was also cleaned
as easily as glass. This proved to be the ideal material to use in the pre-war rapid
growth of commerce and industry which still employed the ornamented styles of architecture
loved by the Victorians.
This transition period between the Victorian and Edwardian ages were
the hey days of terra cotta production.
It was The 1st World War and the years of austerity that followed
which triggered the decline of terra cotta production. Although the growth in cinema
during this time gave the working man some means of escape from the rigours of life and
some impetus to the dwindling demand for terra cotta by the 2nd World War terra cotta
production was all but at an end.
It was a strange twist of fortune which saw Hathernware's
survival. During the 1st World War supplies of German made acid resistant vessels, etc.
were no longer available. Their use in the manufacture of gunpowder and explosives made it
essential for the Government to find an alternative source of supply and The Hathern
Station Brick & Terra Cotta Company offered their services. It took almost a year to
develop the acid resistant clay bodies necessary and, utilising the same manufacturing
skills employed in the production of terra cotta, 'Hathernware' Industrial Ceramics was
started.
In 1938 the company changed its name to 'Hathernware Limited' to
reflect the wider manufacturing base. As terra cotta production went into decline
industrial ceramics grew. Some amount of war damage work was undertaken after the 2nd
World War and some amount of new build work carried on into the 1950's. Not enough however
to support the terra cotta industry which, effectively died out. Manufacturers went out of
business or diversified, losing the craftsmen and skills required in terra cotta
production in the process.
In wasn't until the late 1970's that terra cotta was to be needed
again. Many buildings were now 70 or 80 years old. Steel framed buildings which became
popular at the turn of the century began to suffer problems as a result of corrosion.
Restoration became essential to buildings now considered as having architectural
importance and the need for terra cotta returned almost over night.
Having been acquired by Loughborough Industrial Securities in 1980,
a small family business, and renamed as Hathernware Ceramics Limited we still had the
necessary skills to respond quickly to this demand.
Major contracts such as the restoration of the east wing of the
Savoy Hotel were commissioned. Other contracts followed which soon provided sufficient
work to require a fully staffed terra cotta division. Although all the skills required to
produce terra cotta existed at Hathernware they were in the hands of skilled craftsmen
coming to the end of their working careers. Intensive in-house training was required to
ensure that these skills cold be passed on to new employees. Clay production no longer
centred on one source of available material. Each project required new bodies to be
developed to closely match the existing material. Similarly new glazes had to be developed
to match an endless variety of colours and textures. Often those glazes contained lead,
salt and other ingredients no longer considered safe to use so other solutions had to be
found. As well as production skills we also had to learn new ideas in regard to design
ensuring that the causes of failure were not repeated became high priority. The use of
stainless steel fixings and angles etc. has almost become standard practice ensuring that
corrosion will not be a future problem.
The 1980's were busy times for the building industry as a whole but
particularly so for the terracotta industry devoid of manufacturers. Hathernware, with a
history of export, saw the first venture into Canada in this restoration boom period. The
Hollinsworth Building in Calgary lead on to several projects in the Toronto area.
In 1990 Ibstock Building Products Limited acquired Hathernware from
L.I.S. and gave it its current name of Ibstock Hathernware Limited.
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